Rising geopolitical tensions and supply chain fragmentation have heightened concerns over import dependence, especially for clean energy technologies and critical raw materials vital to climate mitigation and economic growth. This paper examines when such dependence signals market failures, evaluates policy options’ costs and benefits, and offers implications for policymakers alongside research needs.

Michael A. Mehling Harvard Project on Climate Agreements Discussion Paper. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University, 2025. 53 pp. Global efforts to address climate change appear headed on a collision course with strategic self-interest and great power politics. Nowhere are these tensions more evident than at the nexus of climate and trade policy. In the United States,…