The following is an in-progress archive of the academic writings of Irene Heim, professor emeritus of linguistics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, on natural language semantics and pragmatics. We anticipate that the archive will be updated with new material and in some cases more suitable versions of the manuscripts. Please contact Amir Anvari (aanvari@mit.edu) for comments and queries.
Papers | ||
| Heim. 2018. “Functional Readings without Type-Shifted Noun Phrases.” In Reconstruction Effects in Relative Clauses, edited by Manfred Krifka and Mathias Schenner, 75:283–302. Studia Grammatica. Mouton de Gruyer. | Download | Citations |
| Heim. 2011. “Definiteness and Indefiniteness.” In Semantics: An International Handbook of Natural Language Meaning, edited by Klaus von Heusinger, Claudia Maienborn, and Paul Portner, 2:996–1025. Handbücher Zur Sprach- Und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science. Berlin, Boston: Mouton de Gruyer. | Download | Citations |
| Heim. 2009. “Forks in the Road to Rule I.” In Proceedings of NELS 38, edited by Anisa Schardl, Martin Walkow, and Muhammad Abdurrahman, 256–84. Amherst, Massachusetts: GLSA Publications. | Download | Citations |
| Heim. 2008. “Decomposing Antonyms?” In Proceedings of Sinn Und Bedeutung 12, edited by Atle Grønn, 212–25. | Download | Citations |
| Heim. 2008. “Features on Bound Pronouns.” In Phi Theory, edited by Daniel Harbour, David Adger, and Susana Béjar, 35–56. Oxford: Oxford University Press. | Download | Citations |
| Heim. 2006. “Little.” In Proceedings of SALT 16, edited by Masayuki Gibson and Jonathan Howell, 16:35–58. Ithaca, N.Y.: CLC Publications. | Download | Citations |
| Heim. 2000. “Degree Operators and Scope.” In Proceedings of SALT 10, edited by Brendan Jackson and Tanya Matthews, 10:40. | Download | Citations |
| Heim. 1998. “Anaphora and Semantic Interpretation: A Reinterpretation of Reinhart’s Approach.” In The Interpretive Tract, edited by Uli Sauerland and Orin Percus, 205–46. MIT Working Papers in Linguistics 25. Cambridge, Massachusetts. | Download | Citations |
| Heim. 1997. “Predicates or Formulas? Evidence from Ellipsis.” In Proceedings of SALT 7, edited by Aaron Lawson, 197–221. Cornell University, Ithaca. | Download | Citations |
| Heim. 1994. “Interrogative Semantics and Karttunen’s Semantics for Know.” In IATL 1, edited by Rhonna Buchalla and Anita Mittwoch, 128–44. Jerusalem: Akademon Press. | Download | Citations |
| Heim. 1994. “Comments on Abusch’s Theory of Tense.” In Ellipsis, Tense and Questions, edited by Hans Kamp, 143–70. | Download | Citations |
| Heim. 1992. “Presupposition Projection and the Semantics of Attitude Verbs.” Journal of Semantics 9 (3): 183–221. | Download | Citations |
| Heim. 1991. “Artikel Und Definitheit.” In Semantik / Semantics: Ein Internationales Handbuch Der Zeitgenössischen Forschung / An International Handbook of Contemporary Research, edited by Arnim von Stechow and Dieter Wunderlich, 487–535. De Gruyter. | Download | Citations |
| Heim, Irene, Howard Lasnik, and Robert May. 1991. “On ‘Reciprocal Scope.’” Linguistic Inquiry 22 (1): 173–92. | Download | Citations |
| Heim, Irene, Howard Lasnik, and Robert May. 1991. “Reciprocity and Plurality.” Linguistic Inquiry 22 (1): 63–101. | Download | Citations |
| Heim. 1990. “Presupposition Projection.” In Reader for the Nijmegen Workshop on Presupposition, Lexical Meaning, and Discourse Processes, edited by Robert van der Sandt. University of Nijmegen. | Download | Citations |
| Heim. 1990. “E-Type Pronouns and Donkey Anaphora.” Linguistics and Philosophy 13 (2): 137–77. | Download | Citations |
| Heim. 1987. “Where Does the Definiteness Restriction Apply? Evidence from the Definiteness of Variables.” In The Representation of (in)Definiteness, edited by Eric J. Reuland and Alice G. B. ter Meulen, 21–42. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press. | Download | Citations |
| Heim. 1984. “A Note on Negative Polarity and Downward Entailingness.” In Proceedings of NELS 14, edited by Charles Jones and Peter Sells, 98–107. Amherst: GLSA. | Download | Citations |
| Heim. 1983. “On the Projection Problem for Presuppositions.” In WCCFL 2: Second Annual West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics, edited by M. Barlow, D. Flickinger, and M. Wescoat, 114–25. | Download | Citations |
| Heim. 1983. “File Change Semantics and the Familiarity Theory of Definiteness.” In Meaning, Use, and Interpretation of Language, edited by Rainer Bäuerle, Christoph Schwarze, and Arnim von Stechow, 164–90. Berlin, Boston: Mouton de Gruyer. | Download | Citations |
| Heim. 1982. “The Semantics of Definite and Indefinite Noun Phrases.” Doctoral Dissertation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst. | Download | Citations |
| Heim. 1979. “Concealed Questions.” In Semantics from Different Points of View, edited by Rainer Bäuerle, Urs Egli, and Arnim von Stechow, 51–60. Berlin: Springer. | Download | Citations |
Handouts and Lecture Notes | ||
| 2024. “Truth-Value Gaps and the Innovations of Dynamic Semantics.” | Download | Citations |
| 2017. “Type Economy.” | Download | Citations |
| 2015. “Constraints on Meanings.” | Download | Citations |
| 2006. “Remarks on Comparative Clauses as Generalized Quantifiers.” | Download | Citations |
| 2004. “Lecture Notes on Indexicality.” | Download | Citations |
| 1999. “Notes on Superlatives.” | Download | Citations |
| 1985. “Notes on Comparatives and Related Matters.” | Download | Citations |
| 1979. “Toward a Unified Semantics of Definite and Indefinite Noun Phrases.” | Download | Citations |
Books | ||
| Heim, Irene, and Angelika Kratzer. 1998. Semantics in Generative Grammar. Blackwell Textbooks in Linguistics 13. Malden, MA: Blackwell. | Download | Citations |
| Kai von Fintel & Irene Heim. 1997–. Intensional Semantics (Updated Regularly). | Download | Citations |